:root {
  --yellow-color-100: #f2be22;
  --green-color-100: #0e5952;
  --green-color-200: #238e84;
  --white-color-100: #ffffff;
  --gray-color-100: #f6f6f6;
  --gray-color-200: #dddddd;
  --gray-color-300: #15151540;
  --black-volor-100: #151515;
}
* {
  margin: 0;
  padding: 0;
}
/* .container-fluid.container-lg {
  margin-top: 100px;
  margin-bottom: 100px;
} */
body {
  font-family: "Poppins", sans-serif;
  overflow-x: hidden;
}
header {
  box-shadow: 0 0.125rem 0.25rem rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.075) !important;
}
.text-capitialize {
  text-transform: capitalize;
}
.tool-bar {
  background: #2e3625;
}
.toolbar-text {
  color: #fff;
  font-weight: 500;
}
.toolbar-text span {
  color: #f2be22;
}
.navbar-brand .logo {
  width: 215px;
}
.navbar-nav .nav-item {
  margin: 0 5px;
}
.navbar-nav .nav-item .nav-link {
  font-size: 15px;
  font-weight: 600; /* Semi-bold for normal links */
  color: #000;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  letter-spacing: 0.5px;
}
.navbar-nav .nav-item .nav-link.active {
  color: #f2be22;
  position: relative; /* Important to position the underline */
  font-weight: 700;
}
.navbar-nav .nav-item .nav-link.active::after {
  content: "";
  position: absolute;
  left: 8px; /* Start from the beginning, not center */
  bottom: -5px; /* Slightly below the text */
  width: 35px; /* Width of the underline */
  height: 4px; /* Thickness of the underline */
  background-color: #f2be22;
  border-radius: 10px;
}
.navbar-nav .nav-item .nav-link.login-btn {
  background: #f2be22;
  padding: 6px 35px;
  border-radius: 33px;
  color: #fff;
  font-weight: 600;
}
.nav-item .btn,
.search-btn {
  background-color: #f4bd26; /* Yellow background */
  color: #fff; /* White text */
  font-weight: bold; /* Bold font */
  font-size: 14px;
  padding: 10px 30px; /* Top-bottom and left-right padding */
  border: none; /* Remove border */
  border-radius: 50px; /* Fully rounded button */
  transition: background-color 0.3s ease;
}

.nav-item .btn:hover {
  background-color: #e0a800; /* Slightly darker yellow on hover */
  color: #fff;
}
.custom-dropdown .dropdown-menu {
  padding: 0;
  border: none;
  box-shadow: 0px 4px 6px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);
  border-radius: 5px 5px 5px 5px;
  overflow: hidden;
  margin-left: 10px;
  margin-top: -2px;
}

.custom-dropdown .dropdown-item {
  padding: 10px 16px;
  color: #000;
  font-size: 15px;
  font-weight: 500;
  background-color: #fff;
}

.custom-dropdown .dropdown-item.highlight {
  background-color: #f4c034; /* Yellow highlight */
  color: #fff;
  font-size: 15px;
  font-weight: 600;
}

.custom-dropdown .dropdown-item:hover {
  background-color: #f4c034;
  color: #fff;
  font-size: 15px;
}

.search-btn:hover {
  background-color: white; /* Slightly darker yellow on hover */
  color: #f4bd26;
}
.search-btn:hover img {
  filter: brightness(0) saturate(100%) invert(87%) sepia(40%) saturate(5431%)
    hue-rotate(345deg) brightness(118%) contrast(91%);
}
/* .home-page-section-1 {
  background-position: center;
  background-repeat: no-repeat;
  padding: 15px;
  min-height: 400px; 
} */

.break-all-text {
  word-break: break-all;
}

.home-page-section-1 {
  background-image: url("/assets/single-journal/images/resized-section-1-bg.png");
  background-position: center;
  background-size: 100% auto;
  background-repeat: no-repeat;
  padding: 15px;
  background-color: #1a5a55; /* Optional */
  min-height: 330px;
}

/* Default banner: maintain original proportions */
.home-page-section-1.default-banner {
  background-size: 100% 100%;
}

/* Dynamic banner: make it behave like default or adjust based on image shape */
.home-page-section-1.dynamic-banner {
  background-size: cover;
}

.home-page-section-1 .home-section-head-1 p {
  font-size: 14px;
  font-weight: 550;
  letter-spacing: 2px;
  color: #ffffff;
  text-transform: uppercase;
}
.home-page-section-1 .home-section-head-2 h5 {
  font-family: "Poppins", sans-serif;
  font-size: 35px;
  font-weight: 550;
  color: #fff;
}
.home-page-section-1 .home-section-head-3 .dic {
  font-family: "Poppins";
  font-size: 20px;
  font-weight: 500;
  color: #fff;
  line-height: 2.3rem;
}

.home-section-1 {
  background-image: url("/assets/single-journal/images/resized-section-1-bg.png");
  background-position: center;
  background-size: 100% auto;
  background-repeat: no-repeat;
  padding: 15px;
  background: #1a5a55;
  min-height: 256px !important;
}
.home-section-1 .home-section-head-1 p {
  font-size: 20px;
  font-weight: 600;
  color: #ffffff;
}
.home-section-1 .home-section-head-2 h5 {
  font-family: "Poppins", sans-serif;
  font-size: 47px;
  font-weight: 550;
  color: #fff;
  /* margin-right: 175px; */
}
.home-section-1 .home-section-head-3 .dic {
  font-family: Instrument Sans;
  font-size: 20px;
  font-weight: 500;
  color: #fff;
  margin-top: 30px;
}

.home-search.form-control {
  height: 50px;
}
.home-search span {
  background: var(--yellow-color-100);
  border-color: var(--yellow-color-100);
  color: var(--white-color-100);
  width: 10%;
}
.book-img {
  width: 75%;
  height: auto;
}
.v-text {
  position: absolute;
  top: 43%; /* Center vertically */
  left: 30%;
  transform: translate(-50%, -50%) rotate(-90deg); /* Center after rotation */
  font-size: 17px;
  font-weight: 500;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  width: auto; /* Keeps text width dynamic */
  text-align: center; /* Ensures text is centered */
  display: flex;
  align-items: center; /* Equal top and bottom spacing */
  justify-content: center;
  height: 70%; /* Adjust if needed for better spacing */
}
.book {
  right: 22px;
  bottom: 27px;
}
.book img {
  width: 300px;
  max-height: 350px;
  border-radius: 10px;
  position: relative;
  z-index: 2;
  margin-top: 10px;
  margin-right: 10px !important;
}
.ellipse {
  position: absolute;
  right: -6%;
  bottom: -20px;
  width: 100px;
  height: auto;
  z-index: 1;
}

.ellipse img {
  width: 90%;
  height: auto;
}

.input-group input {
  padding: 12px !important;
}
/* color ====== */
.c-g-100 {
  color: var(--green-color-100);
}
.c-g-200 {
  color: var(--green-color-200);
}
.c-y-100 {
  color: var(--yellow-color-100);
}
.c-w-100 {
  color: var(--white-color-100);
}
.c-gr-100 {
  color: var(--gray-color-100);
}
/* bg =========== */
.bg-g-100 {
  background: var(--green-color-100);
}
.bg-g-200 {
  background: var(--green-color-200);
}
.bg-y-100 {
  background: var(--yellow-color-100);
}
.bg-w-100 {
  background: var(--white-color-100);
}
.bg-gr-100 {
  background: var(--gray-color-100);
}
/* ===== heading ===== */
.heading-1 {
  font-size: 16px;
  font-weight: 600;
  text-transform: uppercase;
}
.heading-2 {
  font-size: 40px;
  font-weight: 550;
}
.heading-3 {
  font-size: 20px;
  font-weight: 600;
}
.heading-4 {
  font-family: "DM Serif Display", serif;
  font-size: 26px;
  font-weight: 550;
}
.heading-5 {
  font-size: 22px;
  font-weight: 500;
}
.home-page-6 {
  font-size: 16px;
  font-weight: 600;
  text-transform: uppercase;
}

.heading-6 {
  font-size: 22px;
  font-weight: 600;
}
.para {
  font-size: 17px;
  font-weight: 400;
  line-height: 2rem;
}
.para-1 {
  font-size: 20px;
  font-weight: 400;
}
.para-2 {
  font-size: 15px;
  font-weight: 400;
}
.para-3 {
  font-size: 17px;
  font-weight: 400;
}

/* width============ */
.w-45-px {
  width: 45px;
}

/* =====border ===== */
.border-2 {
  border: 1px solid;
}

/* border-color ======== */
.yl-border {
  border-color: var(--yellow-color-100);
}

/* ===== font-family ========== */
.dm-font {
  font-family: "Poppins", sans-serif;
}

/* =====btn  */
.primary-btn {
  border-radius: 35px;
  font-size: 15px;
  padding-left: 40px;
  padding-right: 40px;
  padding-top: 12px;
  padding-bottom: 12px;
  background-color: var(--yellow-color-100);
  color: var(--white-color-100);
  font-size: 15px;
  font-weight: 600;
  border: 2px solid;
  border-color: var(--yellow-color-100);
  text-transform: uppercase;
}
.primary-btn:hover {
  background-color: var(--green-color-100);
  color: var(--white-color-100);
  border-color: var(--green-color-100);
}
.primary-btn-1 {
  border-radius: 20px;
  font-size: 15px;
  padding-left: 25px;
  padding-right: 25px;
  background-color: var(--yellow-color-100);
  color: var(--white-color-100);
  font-size: 15px;
  font-weight: 600;
  border: 2px solid;
  border-color: var(--yellow-color-100);
  text-transform: uppercase;
}
.primary-btn-1:hover {
  background-color: var(--white-color-100);
  color: var(--black-volor-100);
  border-color: var(--white-color-100);
}
.green-outline-btn {
  border-radius: 35px;
  font-size: 15px;
  padding-left: 45px;
  padding-right: 45px;
  padding-top: 10px;
  padding-bottom: 10px;
  color: var(--green-color-100);
  border: 3px solid;
  border-color: var(--green-color-100);
  font-size: 15px;
  font-weight: 600;
  text-transform: uppercase;
}
.green-outline-btn:hover {
  background-color: var(--green-color-100);
  color: var(--white-color-100);
}
.green-outline-btn-1 {
  border-radius: 20px;
  font-size: 15px;
  padding-left: 25px;
  padding-right: 25px;
  color: var(--white-color-100);
  border: 2px solid;
  border-color: var(--green-color-100) !important;
  background: var(--green-color-100) !important;
  font-size: 15px;
  font-weight: 600;
  text-transform: uppercase;
}
.green-outline-btn-1:hover {
  color: var(--white-color-100);
  border-color: var(--yellow-color-100) !important;
  background: var(--yellow-color-100) !important;
}
.white-outline-btn {
  border-radius: 20px;
  font-size: 15px;
  padding-left: 25px;
  padding-right: 25px;
  color: var(--white-color-100);
  border: 2px solid;
  border-color: var(--white-color-100);
  font-size: 15px;
  font-weight: 600;
  text-transform: uppercase;
}
.white-outline-btn:hover {
  background-color: var(--white-color-100);
  color: var(--black-volor-100);
}

.link-box {
  border: 1px solid;
  border-color: var(--gray-color-200);
  background-color: var(--white-color-100);
  border-radius: 5px;
}

.round-100-count {
  background: var(--yellow-color-100);
  color: var(--white-color-100);
  border-radius: 50%;
  display: flex;
  justify-content: center;
  align-items: center;
  font-weight: 600;
  width: 35px !important;
  height: 35px !important;
  font-size: 20px !important;
  margin-left: 5px !important;
}
.scops {
  font-size: 18px;
  font-weight: 600;
  margin-left: -8px !important;
  color: var(--black-volor-100);
}
.roght-arrow-box {
  color: var(--yellow-color-100);
}
.chevron-right {
  font-size: 15px;
}

.home-section-2 {
  background-color: var(--white-color-100);
}
.home-section-3 {
  position: relative;
  background-image: url("/assets/single-journal/images/section_3_bg.png");
  background-position: center;
  background-size: 100% auto;
  background-repeat: no-repeat;
  background-color: #1a5a55; /* Optional */
  color: var(--white-color-100);
  padding: 10px 10px !important;
}

/* Title */
.section-title {
  font-size: 2.5rem;
  font-weight: 550;
  margin-bottom: 17px;
}

/* Description */
.section-description {
  font-size: 1.1rem;
  max-width: 950px;
  margin: 0 auto 30px;
}

.submit-btn-container {
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  gap: 15px;
  margin-left: 8%;
  margin-top: -10px;
}

/* Button Styling */
.submit-btn {
  background: transparent;
  border: 2px solid white;
  color: white;
  padding: 10px 25px;
  font-size: 1rem;
  font-weight: bold;
  border-radius: 30px;
  cursor: pointer;
  transition: 0.3s ease-in-out;
}

.submit-btn:hover {
  background: white;
  color: #1a5a55;
}
/* Arrow Icon */
.arrow-icon {
  width: 100px;
  height: auto;
  margin-top: -30px;
}

.dot-img {
  width: 75px;
}
.left-dot-bottom {
  margin-bottom: 1px;
  margin-left: -5px !important;
}
.right-dot {
  right: 0;
  bottom: 6px;
}
.right-dot-top {
  top: -5px !important;
  right: -5px !important;
}

/* Dots Positioning */
.left-dot-top {
  top: 10px;
  left: 10px;
}

.right-dot-bottom {
  bottom: 10px;
  right: -5px;
}

.position-absolute {
  position: absolute;
}

.article-image img {
  width: 60px;
  height: 60px;
  object-fit: cover;
}
.article-title {
  display: block;
  font-size: 14px;
  color: #101010;
}
.article-date {
  font-size: 12px;
  color: #0e5952;
}

.is-card {
  border: 1px solid;
  border-radius: 10px;
  border-color: var(--gray-color-300);
}
.dot {
  width: 9px;
  height: 9px;
  background: var(--yellow-color-100);
  border-radius: 50%;
}
.open-access {
  text-transform: capitalize;
  font-size: 15px;
  font-weight: 600;
  color: var(--green-color-100);
}
.published {
  font-size: 15px;
  font-weight: 600;
  color: var(--yellow-color-100);
}
.abs {
  font-size: 15px;
  font-weight: 600;
  color: var(--green-color-100);
  text-transform: uppercase;
}
.abs-icon {
  color: var(--yellow-color-100);
}
.date-right {
  font-size: 13px;
  font-weight: 450;
  color: var(--green-color-100);
  text-decoration: none !important;
}
.home-page-5 {
  background-color: var(--green-color-100);
  background: url(../images/section-5-bg.jpg);
  background-position: center;
  background-repeat: no-repeat;
  background-size: cover;
  min-height: 485px;
}
.group-img {
  max-width: 75%;
  height: auto;
}
.publish-img {
  max-width: 85% !important;
}
.publish-text {
  max-width: 150px;
  white-space: normal;
  word-wrap: break-word;
}
.heading-7 {
  font-size: 43px;
  font-weight: bold;
}
.heading-8 {
  font-size: 20px;
  font-weight: 600;
  text-align: center;
}

footer {
  background-color: #1a5a55;
  background-image: url("/assets/single-journal/images/footer-bg.png");
  background-position: center;
  background-repeat: no-repeat;
  background-size: 50% auto;
}

footer p {
  font-size: 17px;
  font-weight: 500;
}
.footer-icon-box {
  width: 35px;
  height: 35px;
  margin: 0 10px;
  border-radius: 50%;
  text-align: center;
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  cursor: pointer;
}
.footer-icon-box:hover {
  background-color: var(--green-color-100);
  color: var(--yellow-color-100);
}
.footer-border {
  border: 1px solid #c0e1de;
}
.copy-right {
  font-size: 14px;
  font-weight: 400;
}
/* .navbar-toggler { */
/* background-color: var(--black-volor-100); */
/* } */

/* =============about  us===================== */
/* .about-section-1 {
  background-image: url(../images/about-bg.png);
  background-size: cover;
  min-height: 350px;
} */
.about-section-1 {
  background-position: center center;
  background-repeat: no-repeat;
  background-size: 100% auto; /* Fit full width, maintain original height */
  background-color: #1d5c53; /* Optional fallback */
  min-height: 450px; /* Keep this or increase for better spacing */
  width: 100%;
  position: relative;
  z-index: 0;
}

.banner-content {
  min-height: 128px; /* Ensures spacing even if <p> is not present */
}

.banner-overlay-content {
  z-index: 2;
}

.banner-overlay {
  position: absolute;
  top: 0;
  left: 0;
  width: 100%;
  height: 100%;
  background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.4);
  z-index: 1;
}

.elii {
  position: absolute;
  bottom: -130px; /* Pull image below container */
  right: -285px; /* Pull image beyond right edge */
  width: 100px;
  height: 50px;
  z-index: 1;
}
.our-card {
  border-radius: 7px;
}
.our-m {
  background-image: url(../images/our-m.png);
  background-position: center;
  background-repeat: no-repeat;
  background-size: cover;
  min-height: 500px;
}
.our-v {
  background-image: url(../images/our-v.png);
  background-position: center;
  background-repeat: no-repeat;
  background-size: cover;
  min-height: 500px;
}
.our-add {
  background-image: url(../images/our-add.png);
  background-position: center;
  background-repeat: no-repeat;
  background-size: cover;
  min-height: 500px;
}
.our-en {
  background-image: url(../images/our-en.png);
  background-position: center;
  background-repeat: no-repeat;
  background-size: cover;
  min-height: 500px;
}
.heading-2-1 {
  font-size: 20px;
  font-weight: 500;
}
.name-bold {
  font-size: 20px;
  font-weight: 600;
}
.name-text {
  font-size: 17px;
  font-weight: 400;
}
form label {
  font-size: 18px;
  font-weight: 500;
}
.heading-3-1 {
  font-size: 25px;
  font-weight: 600;
}
.heading-2-2 {
  font-size: 20px;
  font-weight: 600;
}

@media (max-width: 1399.98px) {
  .navbar-expand-lg .navbar-nav .nav-link {
    padding: 5px;
  }
  .navbar-nav .nav-item .nav-link {
    font-size: 13px;
  }

  .home-section-1 .home-section-head-2 h5 {
    font-size: 38px;
  }
}
@media (max-width: 1199.98px) {
  .toolbar-text {
    font-size: 14px;
  }
  .navbar-nav .nav-item .nav-link {
    font-size: 12px;
  }
  .home-section-1 .home-section-head-2 h5 {
    font-size: 40px;
  }
  .v-text {
    font-size: 12px;
  }
  .heading-2 {
    font-size: 40px;
  }
  .para {
    font-size: 15px;
  }
  .heading-4 {
    font-size: 28px;
  }
  .heading-5 {
    font-size: 19px;
  }
  .primary-btn-1 {
    font-size: 12px;
  }
  .para-1 {
    font-size: 18px;
  }
  .home-page-6 {
    font-size: 15px;
  }
  .heading-7 {
    font-size: 35px;
  }
}
@media (max-width: 991.98px) {
  .home-section-1 .home-section-head-2 h5 {
    font-size: 40px;
  }
  .home-section-1 .home-section-head-3 .dic {
    font-size: 17px;
  }
  .v-text {
    left: 18%;
  }
  .heading-2 {
    font-size: 34px;
  }
  .primary-btn-1 {
    padding-left: 0px;
    padding-right: 0px;
  }
  .home-page-6 {
    font-size: 13px;
  }
  .heading-7 {
    font-size: 27px;
  }
  .group-img {
    padding-top: 22px;
  }
}

@media (max-width: 767.98px) {
  .book-img {
    width: 50%;
  }
  .group-img {
    max-width: 17%;
  }
}
@media (max-width: 575.98px) {
}
/* Remove all styles for a transparent design */
.accordion-item,
.accordion-header,
.accordion-body {
  border: none !important;
  background: none !important;
  box-shadow: none !important;
  color: #000 !important;
}

/* Transparent button styling */
.transparent-btn {
  color: #000 !important;
  background: none !important;
  border: none !important;
  box-shadow: none !important;
  font-size: 18px;
  color: inherit;
  padding: 5px 0;
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 8px;
}
.volume-accordion {
  color: #7d818d !important;
  background: none !important;
  border: none !important;
  box-shadow: none !important;
  font-size: 18px;
  color: inherit;
  padding: 5px 0;
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 8px;
}

/* Remove Bootstrap's default icon */
.accordion-button::after {
  display: none;
}

/* Toggle icon spacing */
.toggle-icon {
  font-weight: bold;
  font-size: 18px;
}

/* Remove margins for a clean look */
.accordion-item {
  margin: 0 !important;
  padding: 0 !important;
}
.issue-accordion {
  border: none !important;
  background: none !important;
  box-shadow: none !important;
}
.underline-heading span {
  text-decoration: underline;
}

/* Tab Button Styles */
.tab-buttons {
  display: flex;
  border-bottom: 2px solid #ddd;
  margin-bottom: 10px;
}

.tab-btn {
  background: none;
  border: none;
  padding: 10px 35px;
  cursor: pointer;
  font-size: 20px;
  font-weight: bold;
  color: #333;
  transition: 0.3s;
}

.tab-btn.active {
  border-bottom: 3px solid #f2be22;
  color: #f2be22;
}

/* Content Boxes */
.tab-content {
  display: none; /* Hide all tabs initially */
  padding: 15px;
  /* border: 1px solid #ddd;
  border-radius: 5px;
  background: #f9f9f9; */
}

/* Show first tab by default */
.tab-content.active {
  display: block;
}

/* Button Styles */
.action-btn {
  padding: 8px 12px;
  background: #f2be22;
  color: white;
  border: none;
  border-radius: 5px;
  cursor: pointer;
  margin-top: 10px;
}

.action-btn:hover {
  background: #f2be22;
}
ul.list-unstyled {
  list-style-type: disc; /* Change to circle or square if needed */
  padding-left: 32px;
  margin: -12px -10px;
  /* color: #0E5952; */
  color: #000;
}
ul.list-unstyled a {
  /* color: #0E5952;  */
  color: #000;
  font-weight: 550;
  text-decoration: none; /* Remove underline */
  transition: color 0.3s ease-in-out; /* Smooth hover effect */
}
ul.list-unstyled a:hover {
  color: #f2be22; /* Change color on hover */
  text-decoration: underline; /* Underline on hover */
}

/* Left side bar */
.bg-gr-100.left-side-bar {
  background-color: RGB(255, 255, 255);
}
.link-box.px-2.py-2.left-side-bar {
  position: sticky;
  /* top: 20px;  */
  overflow-y: auto; /* Enable scrolling if content overflows */
  z-index: 1000; /* Ensure it stays above other elements */
  padding: 20px; /* Add some spacing */
  background-color: RGB(255, 255, 255) !important;
  border-radius: 1px !important;
  width: 92%;
  color: #000;
}
.d-flex.align-items-center.justify-content-between.left-side-bar {
  padding: 10px !important;
}

.c-y-100.issue-title {
  color: #000;
}
.dm-font.heading.issue-title {
  font-size: 16px !important;
  font-weight: 500 !important;
  color: #979797;
  font-family: "Poppins";
}
.custom-line {
  border: none;
  height: 2px !important;
  background-color: #545050; /* Change color as needed */
  margin: 1px 0; /* Adjust spacing */
}
.btn.btn-primary.previous-page {
  padding: 8px 11px;
  font-size: 16px;
  font-weight: 500 !important;
  text-decoration: none;
  color: rgb(0, 0, 0);
  border: none;
  background-color: transparent;
}
.heading-3.c-g-100.sub-heading {
  font-size: 16px !important;
  font-weight: 500 !important;
  color: #71747d;
}
.heading.author-heading {
  font-size: 20px;
  font-weight: 400;
}
.article-access-img {
  width: 16px;
  height: auto;
  object-fit: contain;
  margin-right: -15px;
}
.article-vol-img {
  width: auto;
  height: 20px;
  margin-right: -15px;
}
.doi-content {
    color: #000;
  font-weight: 500;
  text-decoration: none;
}

.btn.btn-primary.view-full-text {
  color: #0e5952 !important;
  background-color: #fff !important;
  border-color: #0e5952 !important;
  border-radius: 3.25rem !important;
  white-space: nowrap;
  width: auto;
  min-width: 150px;
  display: inline-block;
  font-size: 15px;
  font-weight: 600;
}
.btn.btn-secondary.download-pdf {
  color: #0e5952 !important;
  background-color: #fff !important;
  border-color: #0e5952 !important;
  border-radius: 3.25rem !important;
  white-space: nowrap;
  width: auto;
  min-width: 150px;
  display: inline-block;
  font-size: 15px;
  font-weight: 600;
}
.received-date {
  color: #71747d !important;
  font-weight: 500 !important;
  margin: -5px 0px !important;
}
.btn.primary-btn.download-button {
  background-color: #0e5952 !important;
  color: #fff;
  border-color: #0e5952;
  border-radius: 25px;
  font-weight: 600;
  font-size: 17px;
  width: 200px;
  height: 38px;
}
.btn.green-outline-btn.view-button {
  color: #0e5952;
  border-color: #0e5952;
  border-radius: 25px;
  font-weight: 600;
  font-size: 17px;
  width: 200px;
  height: 38px;
}
.citation-box {
  background-color: #f9f9f9;
  color: rgb(0, 0, 0);
  border-radius: 5px;
  border-color: #7d818d !important;
  width: 700px;
  overflow-wrap: anywhere;
}
.citation-text {
  margin-bottom: 10px;
}
.format-text {
  font-weight: bold;
}
.btn.btn-primary.copy-button {
  background: none;
  color: #000;
  border: none !important;
  font-weight: bold;
  text-decoration-line: underline;
}
.btn.custom-btn-green {
  background-color: #0e5952;
  color: white;
  border: none;
  padding: 10px 20px;
  border: none;
}

.btn.custom-btn-gray {
  background-color: #d9dce1;
  color: black;
  padding: 10px 20px;
  border: none;
}
.custom-btn-green:hover,
.custom-btn-gray:hover {
  --bs-btn-hover-border-color: transparent !important;
}
.citation-box {
  background-color: #f9f9f9;
  color: rgb(0, 0, 0);
  border-radius: 5px;
  border-color: #7d818d !important;
  border: 1px solid;
}

.citation-box-2 {
  background-color: #f9f9f9;
  width: 82%;
  padding-left: 17px;
}
.citation-content {
  border: 1px solid;
}

.citation-details {
  list-style-type: disc; /* Adds bullet points */
  padding-left: 20px;
}

.citation-details li {
  margin-bottom: 5px;
}

#selectCitation {
  width: 16%; /* Adjust as needed */
  height: 40px; /* Adjust height as needed */
  border-radius: 5px;
  border: 1px solid #ccc; /* Optional: Add a border */
  padding: 5px; /* Optional: Adjust padding */
}

#sidebarAccordion .accordion-item .accordion-header button {
  font-size: 17px;
  font-weight: 500;
  padding-left: 15px;
  color: #000;
}

.d-none {
  display: none;
}

.over-flow-pro {
  overflow: scroll;
  overflow-x: hidden;
  overflow-y: auto;
}

.volume-issues-list-mh {
  max-height: 500px;
}

.latest-articles-mh {
  max-height: 552px;
}

.most-download-articles-mh {
  max-height: calc(268px * 6);
  overflow-y: auto;
}

.no-articles-message {
  display: flex;
  justify-content: center;
  align-items: center;
  min-height: 200px; /* Adjust height as needed */
  font-weight: bold;
  font-size: 18px;
  text-align: center;
  color: #333; /* Optional: you can adjust the color */
}

.journal-detail {
  font-family: "Poppins", sans-serif;
  font-size: 17px; /* or use 1.125rem for scaling */
  font-weight: 400;
  line-height: 32px; /* Adjust to match the vertical rhythm */
  /* letter-spacing: 0.01em; subtle spacing often used in Figma */
  color: #222; /* use your exact design color */
}
.q-content {
  margin-left: -15px;
}
.quick-links {
  font-size: 19px;
  font-weight: 500;
  white-space: nowrap;
  overflow: hidden;
}
/* .quick-links-box {
  width: 385px; 
  margin-left: 40px;
} */

.roght-arrow-box i {
  font-size: 18px;
  color: var(--yellow-color-100);
  margin-right: 8px;
}

.latest-para-2 {
  font-size: 16px !important;
  font-weight: 500 !important;
  color: #101010 !important;
  text-decoration: none !important;
  display: -webkit-box;
  -webkit-line-clamp: 2; /* Limits to 2 lines */
  -webkit-box-orient: vertical;
  overflow: hidden;
  text-overflow: ellipsis;
  min-height: 3em; /* Force space for 2 lines */
  line-height: 1.5em;
  padding-bottom: 4px;
}

.form-check-label {
  font-size: 15px !important;
}

.journal-cover-img {
  width: 185px !important;
  height: auto !important;
}

/* Search all page css */
.article-data {
  width: auto;
  height: 20px;
  margin-top: -3px;
}

.authors-name-list {
  font-size: 14px;
  font-weight: 500;
  color: var(--green-color-100);
}

.input-sm {
  width: 170px !important; /* adjust as needed */
}
.input-search-input {
  height: 52px;
}
.cursor-pointer {
  cursor: pointer;
}
.search-banner-dot {
  width: 6%;
  height: 6%;
  margin-top: 12px;
}
.search-text {
  width: 75%;
}
.search-heading {
  font-size: 14px !important;
  font-weight: 600 !important;
  letter-spacing: 1px !important;
}
.advanced-text {
  margin-left: -14px;
  margin-top: 7px;
}
.author-name {
  width: 31%;
}
.search-keyword {
  width: 89%;
}

.hightlight-details {
  color: #000;
  font-weight: 500;
}

.footer-text {
  font-size: 15px;
}

.footer-menu-link {
  color: #fff;
  text-decoration: none;
}

.author-instruction {
  font-size: 16px;
}
.home-section-3-content {
  text-align: center;
}

.pagination .page-link {
  color: #005247;
  font-weight: 500;
}

.pagination .page-item.active .page-link {
  background-color: #f2be22;
  border-color: #f2be22;
  color: #fff;
}

.pagination .page-item.disabled .page-link {
  color: #868484;
  background-color: #f8f9fa;
  border-color: #dee2e6;
  cursor: not-allowed;
}

ul.list-unstyled li {
  padding: 4px 0; /* 8px top and bottom padding */
}

.journal-detail p {
  margin-bottom: 0px !important;
}

.button-citation {
  border: none;
  background-color: #f6f6f6;
  font-size: 1rem;
  text-decoration: underline;
  padding: 0rem 2rem 0rem 0rem;
}

/* 1342 bug fix */
.black-hover-article {
  color: #212529;
  text-decoration: none;
}
.black-hover-article:hover {
  text-decoration: underline;
}

.black-hover-article-vi {
  color: #71747d !important;
  text-decoration: none;
}
.black-hover-article-vi:hover {
  text-decoration: underline;
}
.latest-para-2.light-black-hover-article:hover {
  text-decoration: underline !important;
}

.extraSpaceArticle {
  height: 200px;
  display: flex;
  justify-content: center;
  align-items: center;
  color: #333 !important;
  font-weight: bold;
  font-size: 18px;
}

.extraSpaceArticle p {
  color: #333 !important;
}

.navbar-nav .nav-item .nav-link:hover {
  color: #f2be22;
  font-weight: 700;
}

/*--------------mobile -responsive & some inline styles are rewritten here------- */
.responsive-navbar {
  padding: 20px 45px;
}

.navbar-toggler {
  color: rgba(242, 190, 34, 1);
  border: none;
}

.lucide.lucide-menu,
.mobilesearch {
  width: 30px;
  height: 30px;
  object-fit: contain;
}

.hovereffect {
  text-decoration: none;
  color: #393939;
}
.hovereffect:hover {
  text-decoration: underline;
}
.article-pdf-hover {
  text-decoration: none;
}
.article-pdf-hover:hover {
  text-decoration: underline;
}
.green-hover-links:hover {
  color: #0e5952 !important;
  text-decoration: underline;
}
.footer-menu-link:hover {
  color: #f2be22;
}

.btn.btn-primary.view-full-text:hover,
.btn.btn-secondary.download-pdf:hover {
  background-color: #f2be22 !important;
  color: #fff !important;
  border-radius: 3.25rem !important;
  border-color: #f2be22 !important;
  white-space: nowrap;
  width: auto;
  min-width: 150px;
  display: inline-block;
  font-size: 15px;
  font-weight: 600;
}

.transparent-btn:hover {
  text-decoration: underline;
}

.scroll-top {
  width: 40px;
  height: auto;
}
.width-eightthree {
  width: 100%;
}
.imgofopen {
  min-width: 25px;
  max-width: 26px;
}
.btn.green-outline-btn-1 {
  padding: 6px 20px;
  font-size: 13px;
}
.heading-6.black-hover-article.cursor-pointer,
.heading-6.cursor-pointer.black-hover-article {
  font-size: 20px;
}
.navigation #mainList {
  padding-left: 0px;
}
.kryon-xml-parser {
  padding-left: 0px;
}
.left-dot-bottom .dot-img {
  width: 75px;
}
.left-dot-bottom.left-side-dots {
  top: 70%;
  left: 0px;
}
.left-dot-bottom.homepagedot {
  top: 83%;
  left: 0;
}
.arrow-width {
  width: 8px;
  height: auto;
  object-fit: contain;
}

/* mobile of upto 575px */
@media screen and (max-width: 575.98px) {
  .home-page-section-1 {
    background-image: url("/assets/single-journal/images/resized-mobile-section-1-bg.png") !important;
  }

  .responsive-navbar {
    padding: 20px 10px;
  }

  .custom-dropdown .dropdown-menu {
    box-shadow: none;
  }

  .custom-dropdown .dropdown-item {
    color: rgba(14, 89, 82, 1);
  }

  .right-dot-top {
    right: 0px !important;
  }

  .elii {
    bottom: 0px;
    right: -25px;
    width: 50px;
    height: 50px;
  }

  .navbar-brand .logo {
    width: 180px;
  }
  .tab-buttons {
    overflow: scroll;
  }
  .quick-links-box {
    margin-left: 0px;
  }
  .journal-cover-img {
    width: 150px !important;
    height: auto;
  }
  .book {
    right: 45px;
    bottom: 27px;
  }
  .book img {
    margin-top: 0px;
  }
  .dot-img {
    width: 65px;
  }
  .left-dot-bottom.homepagedot {
    top: 91%;
    left: 0;
  }
  .left-dot-bottom .dot-img {
    width: 65px;
  }
  .book .ellipse img {
    width: 80px;
    height: auto;
    object-fit: contain;
  }
  .ellipse {
    left: 34%;
    right: auto;
    bottom: -19px;
  }
  .v-text {
    display: none;
  }
  .home-page-section-1 .home-section-head-2 h5 {
    font-size: 24px;
  }
  .home-page-section-1 .home-section-head-3 .dic {
    font-size: 17px;
    line-height: 1.8rem;
  }
  .journal-detail {
    font-size: 14px;
    line-height: 26px;
  }
  .q-content {
    margin-left: 0px;
  }
  .open-access {
    font-size: 12px;
  }
  .abs {
    font-size: 10px;
  }
  .green-outline-btn-1 {
    font-size: 10px;
    padding-left: 15px;
    padding-right: 15px;
  }
  .is-card .published {
    font-size: 12px;
  }
  .is-card .heading-6 {
    font-size: 16px;
  }
  .is-card .p-4 .para-2,
  .p-4 p,
  .p-4 li {
    font-size: 14px;
  }
  .quick-links-box .q-content .heading-4 {
    font-size: 25px;
  }
  .quick-links-box .q-content .quick-links {
    font-size: 15px;
  }
  .tab-btn {
    width: 170px;
    white-space: nowrap;
    padding: 10px 16px;
    font-size: 16px;
  }
  .footer-logo-single {
    width: 150px;
    height: auto;
  }
  .scroll-top {
    width: 40px;
    height: auto;
  }
  .round-100-count {
    width: 25px !important;
    height: 25px !important;
    font-size: 16px !important;
  }
  .scops {
    font-size: 16px;
  }
  .heading-2 {
    font-size: 24px;
  }
  .home-section-1 .home-section-head-2 h5 {
    font-size: 50px;
    margin-right: auto;
  }
  .about-section-1about-section-1 .book .ellipse img {
    display: none;
  }
  .tab-content {
    padding-bottom: 25px;
  }
  .article-left-content {
    margin-left: 0px !important;
  }
  .article-heading {
    font-size: 24px !important;
  }
  .width-eightthree {
    width: 100%;
  }
  .right-dot-bottom {
    bottom: 10px;
    right: 6px;
  }
  footer {
    background-image: url("/assets/single-journal/images/footer-map.png");
    background-size: cover;
  }
  .home-section-3 {
    background-image: url("/assets/single-journal/images/submit-manuscripts-banner.png");
    background-size: cover;
  }
  .section-title {
    font-size: 27px;
  }
}

/* ---------------tablet------------ */
@media (min-width: 576px) and (max-width: 767.98px) {
  .responsive-navbar {
    padding: 20px 10px;
  }

  .custom-dropdown .dropdown-menu {
    box-shadow: none;
  }

  .custom-dropdown .dropdown-item {
    color: rgba(14, 89, 82, 1);
  }

  .right-dot-top {
    right: -0px !important;
  }

  .elii {
    bottom: -100px;
    right: -150px;
    width: 50px;
    height: 50px;
  }
  .book .ellipse img {
    width: 100px;
    height: 100px;
    object-fit: contain;
  }

  .journal-cover-img {
    width: 150px !important;
    height: auto;
  }
  .book {
    right: 45px;
    bottom: 27px;
  }
  .book img {
    margin-top: 0px;
  }
  .dot-img {
    width: 55px;
  }
  .left-dot-bottom.homepagedot {
    top: 91%;
    left: 0;
  }
  .left-dot-bottom .dot-img {
    width: 55px;
  }
  .book .ellipse img {
    width: 70px;
    height: auto;
    object-fit: contain;
  }
  .ellipse {
    left: 22%;
    right: auto;
    bottom: -27px;
  }
  .home-page-section-1 {
    background-image: url(/assets/single-journal/images/section_1_bg.png) !important;
  }
  .section-title {
    font-size: 27px;
  }
}

/* ---------------tablet------------ */
@media (min-width: 768px) and (max-width: 991.98px) {
  .responsive-navbar {
    padding: 20px 10px;
  }

  .custom-dropdown .dropdown-menu {
    box-shadow: none;
  }

  .custom-dropdown .dropdown-item {
    color: rgba(14, 89, 82, 1);
  }

  .right-dot-top {
    right: 0px !important;
  }

  .elii {
    bottom: -100px;
    right: -150px;
    width: 50px;
    height: 50px;
  }
  .dot-img {
    width: 60px;
  }
  .left-dot-bottom .dot-img {
    width: 60px;
  }
  .left-dot-bottom.homepagedot {
    top: 87%;
    left: 0;
  }
  .book .ellipse img {
    width: 70px;
    height: auto;
    object-fit: contain;
  }
  .journal-cover-img {
    width: 160px !important;
    height: auto;
  }
  .home-page-section-1 {
    background-image: url(/assets/single-journal/images/section_1_bg.png) !important;
    min-height: 270px;
  }
  .book img {
    margin-top: 0px;
  }
  .journal-detail {
    font-size: 15px;
  }
  .position-relative.book {
    right: -10px !important;
    bottom: 15px !important;
  }
  .home-page-section-1 .home-section-head-3 .dic {
    font-size: 16px;
    line-height: 1.5rem;
  }
  .home-page-section-1 .home-section-head-2 h5 {
    font-size: 30px;
  }
  .ellipse {
    right: 0%;
    bottom: -19px;
  }
}

/* ---------------desktop------------ */
@media (min-width: 992px) and (max-width: 1199.98px) {
  .responsive-navbar {
    padding: 20px 10px;
  }

  .custom-dropdown .dropdown-menu {
    box-shadow: none;
  }

  .custom-dropdown .dropdown-item {
    color: rgba(14, 89, 82, 1);
  }

  .navbar-brand .logo {
    width: 150px;
  }
  .nav-item .btn {
    font-size: 12px;
    padding: 10px 20px;
  }
  .navbar-expand-lg .navbar-nav .nav-link {
    padding: 5px;
  }

  .right-dot-top {
    right: -0px !important;
  }

  .elii {
    bottom: -100px;
    right: -150px;
    width: 50px;
    height: 50px;
  }
  .dot-img {
    width: 60px;
  }
  .left-dot-bottom .dot-img {
    width: 60px;
  }
  .left-dot-bottom.homepagedot {
    top: 87%;
    left: 0;
  }
  .book .ellipse img {
    width: 70px;
    height: auto;
    object-fit: contain;
  }
  .journal-cover-img {
    width: 160px !important;
    height: auto;
  }
  .home-page-section-1 {
    background-image: url(/assets/single-journal/images/section_1_bg.png) !important;
    min-height: 270px;
  }
  .book img {
    margin-top: 0px;
  }
  .position-relative.book {
    right: 30px !important;
    bottom: 15px !important;
  }
}
/* --------------- large- desktop------------ */
@media (min-width: 1200px) and (max-width: 1399.98px) {
  .responsive-navbar {
    padding: 20px 10px;
  }

  .custom-dropdown .dropdown-menu {
    box-shadow: none;
  }

  .custom-dropdown .dropdown-item {
    color: rgba(14, 89, 82, 1);
  }

  .right-dot-top {
    right: -0px !important;
  }

  .elii {
    bottom: -100px;
    right: -150px;
    width: 50px;
    height: 50px;
  }
  .dot-img {
    width: 75px;
  }
  .left-dot-bottom .dot-img {
    width: 75px;
  }
  .left-dot-bottom.homepagedot {
    top: 85%;
  }
  .book {
    right: 32px;
    bottom: 27px;
  }
  .ellipse img {
    width: 90%;
  }
}

@media (max-width: 991.98px) {
  .citation-box {
    width: 100% !important;
  }

  .link-box.px-2.py-2.left-side-bar {
    width: 95% !important;
  }
  .single-journal-main-nav {
    padding-left: 5px !important;
  }

  .single-journal-main-nav .nav-item .nav-link.active::after {
    left: 5px;
    bottom: 0px;
  }

  .single-journal-main-nav .nav-item {
    margin-bottom: 10px;
  }
  .book {
    right: 5px !important;
    bottom: 15px !important;
  }
  .q-content {
    margin-left: unset !important;
  }

  .alter-is-card .p-2.p-lg-4 {
    padding: 15px !important;
  }

  .alter-is-card .px-2.px-lg-4.py-2 {
    padding: 15px !important;
  }

  .quick-links-box {
    width: unset !important;
    margin-left: unset !important;
  }

  .quick-links-box > div {
    width: 100% !important;
    margin-left: auto !important;
  }

  .full-text-template .kryon-xml-parser > .row > .col-4 {
    width: 100% !important;
  }

  .full-text-template .kryon-xml-parser > .row > .col-8 {
    width: 100% !important;
  }

  .full-text-template .kryon-xml-parser .body-content {
    width: 100%;
    overflow: scroll;
  }

  .kryon-xml-parser .bottom-nav {
    padding: 0px !important;
  }

  .kryon-xml-parser #mainList {
    padding: 0px !important;
  }

  .kryon-xml-parser {
    margin-top: 20px !important;
  }
}

.quick-links-box > div {
  width: 90%;
  margin-left: auto;
}

.quick-links-box .q-content {
  margin-left: unset;
}

@media (min-width: 766.98px) {
  .w-md-auto {
    width: auto !important;
  }
}

@media (max-width: 766.98px) {
  .book {
    right: 5px !important;
    bottom: 15px !important;
  }

  .citation-box {
    width: 100% !important;
  }

  .alter-quick-links-box {
    width: 100% !important;
    padding-left: 20px !important;
    padding-right: 20px !important;
    margin: 0px !important;
  }
  .search-text {
    width: 100%;
  }

  .author-name {
    width: 100%;
  }

  .search-keyword {
    width: 100%;
  }

  .search-container {
    margin-left: 0px !important;
    padding-left: 20px !important;
  }

  .input-search-input {
    margin-bottom: 10px;
  }

  .article-left-content {
    margin-left: 0px !important;
    padding: 0px 20px !important;
  }

  .view-buttons {
    margin-top: 20px;
    flex-direction: row !important;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 15px;
  }

  .view-buttons a {
    margin: 0px !important;
  }

  .link-box.px-2.py-2.left-side-bar {
    width: 100% !important;
  }

  p.c-w-100.footer-text.text-start.text-md-center.px-3.px-lg-0 {
    text-align: center !important;
  }
}

h5.download-metrics-d {
  min-width: 165px !important;
  font-size: 14px !important;
  font-weight: 650 !important;
  text-align: start;
  padding-left: 2.2em;
  color: #0e5952 !important;
}

h5.download-metrics-d span {
  font-size: 16px !important;
  color: #000 !important;
}

.orcid-a-tag-style {
  color: #0e5952 !important;
  font-weight: 400 !important;
  text-decoration: none !important;
}

@media (min-width: 1100px) and (max-width: 1199.98px) {
  .book img {
    margin-right: 0px !important;
  }
}

.update-descrip {
padding: 8px 17px;
}

.update-descrip p {
 margin: 0px;
}