The Journal of the Association of Physicians of Tamil Nadu Issue 2



Vitamin B12 Deficiency Presenting As Food Faddism and Rapidly Progressive Dementia

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Unlock Image Year 2021, Issue 2 August 2021 Pages 30-33
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The journal is published as a quarterly issue.
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AUTHORS

Dr. Akshata Huddar1 Dr. Sadanandavalli Retnaswami Chandra1

1 –  Department of Neurology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bangalore, India,

HISTORY

Available Online: August 2021

ABSTRACT

Vitamin B12 deficiency can affect the nervous system at all levels, from central to peripheral. However, when patients present with rapidly progressive dementia, inflammatory or infective causes are considered more likely. Our patient presented with a rapidly progressive Fronto Temporal syndrome who had a unique food faddism for non-vegetarian food from his vegetarian habit. He had a very poor MMSE score of 7/31, indicative of poor outcome generally. Our patient had extensive hyper pigmentation of skin of the back, both legs and extensor surface of the upper limb, and lower limbs and axilla but not the classical knuckle pigmentation. Investigations showed megaloblastic anemia with hyper-segmented neutrophils; Vitamin B12 was 297pg/ml with normal homocysteine levels. MRI Brain showed bilateral T2W and FLAIR periventricular hyperintensities, dorsal column signal changes in the cervical spine. With six weeks of treatment, his MMSE improved to 30/31, and he resumed routine work. It was interesting to note the new food faddism to non-vegetarian food and less typical skin changes.

KEYWORDS

Rapidly progressive dementia, Vitamin B12 deficiency, Generalized hyperpigmentation, Food faddism

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This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

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COPYRIGHT

© 2021 Dr. Vijay Viswanathan, published by Association of Physicians of India-Tamilnadu State Chapter


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