Kallmann syndrome is congenital hypogonadotropichypogonadism associated with anosmia/hyposmia (loss or diminution of smell). The female patient with hypogonadotropichypogonadism initially presents with primary amenorrhea. The diagnosis can be made by absent or underdeveloped secondary sexual characteristics, small-sized uterus and ovaries, and absent or low levels of circulating gonadotropins. Sequential estrogen and progesterone administration restore menstruation during the therapy. Anovulation and infertility respond successfully to medical treatment with gonadotropins in most patients with established hypogonadotropichypogonadism. Fertility treatment involves ovarian stimulation with exogenous gonadotropins or pulsatile Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) therapy.